Signs of a Bad AC Capacitor and How To Fix It

Do you suspect you have a bad AC capacitor? As the experts in HVAC repair in Louisville, A1 Mechanical can help determine the exact cause of the problem and provide a custom solution. Rely on our 40 years of experience to consistently produce superior results.

What Does a Capacitor Do and Why Is It Important?

Capacitors are an important part of how ACs work. The component stores electricity, and when the air conditioner activates, it sends a strong jolt of power to start the cooling process.

The component functions similarly to a battery, storing power to provide the necessary electricity to the various pieces. If it can’t store enough power or beaks completely, the air conditioner will show multiple signs.

The Most Common Signs the Capacitor Needs Repairs

What are the most common indications an air conditioner has a broken capacitor?

Vents That Only Blow Lukewarm Air

If you have an air conditioner that’s not blowing cold air or the flow feels weak, the capacitor may not be sending enough power to the various components. This is one of the earliest signs, and prompt attention prevents the problem from growing worse.

Start the troubleshooting process by restarting the cooling system, and flip the circuit off and back on. If that doesn’t work, you’ll need professional help.

An Inexplainable Rise in Energy Bills

Increased energy bills are a long-term complication of an inefficient HVAC system, including a bad AC capacitor. If you can explain the rising costs with a rate hike or more frequent usage, don’t assume the device has a problem. However, if neither of these apply, schedule air conditioner repairs.

The device can run when it needs minor adjustments, but it works harder and uses more fuel. Many issues can cause a rise in expenses, so you’ll need a qualified technician to diagnose the problem. Consider it a smart investment that will save you money in the long run.

Humming Noises Coming From the Compressor

Do you hear a humming noise from the outdoor unit? This part of the cooling system houses the compressor, which increases the pressure of the refrigerant so it can absorb and release heat.

The capacitor powers the motors that allow the compressor to manage the refrigerant. A prolonged humming clearly signals the components aren’t receiving enough power.

You Smell Burning on the Outdoor Unit

Air conditioners should never produce a burning smell from the condenser unit or any other component. A dirty air filter may emit an odor indoors for a few seconds, but it should quickly dissipate.

The odor on the outdoor unit is a common sign of rubbing or overheating. For example, if ball bearings lack lubrication, you’ll hear a grinding noise and smell burning.

This is a more serious symptom. Replacing the malfunctioning pieces or the entire air conditioner usually provides the best cost-effective solution.

The Air Conditioner Is Over a Decade Old

You’ll likely experience a bad AC capacitor once your air conditioner reaches the 10-year mark. Though the air conditioner has an average life expectancy of around 15 years, many components wear out after only a decade.

At this point, a certified HVAC technician can’t repair the capacitor. Thankfully, replacing it is a straightforward and affordable task compared to other repairs.

The Device Turns Off Randomly

If you experience the AC unit shutting off unexpectedly, a capacitor is at the top of the list of culprits. Short cycling occurs when the device turns on and off every few minutes, regardless of the thermostat settings. While it happens when various components overheat, intermittent power problems are also a common cause.

When homeowners experience this symptom, they should shut off the device. Left alone, it will cause complete system failure and early replacement. Electrical problems also put the home at risk of fire.

Cooling Cycles With Delayed or No Activation

A slow or failed AC startup frequently indicates an electrical problem. If your thermostat reads 80 degrees, and you turn it to cooling mode and set it to 75, you should hear the HVAC system activate in a few seconds or less.

If it takes longer or never activates at all, blame the capacitor. If it doesn’t have enough power, the cooling won’t start. Loose wires, lower power storage, and other moderate issues with the component lead to a cycle that requires several minutes to begin.

How Professionals Address This Broken Component

How can a certified HVAC professional repair or replace a bad AC capacitor? They’ll use the following process:

1. Diagnosis: The technician starts by diagnosing the issue to ensure the capacitor is the source of the problem.
2. Plan and quote: The worker should provide an upfront quote for the service. They may include other repairs if the device has other issues.
3. Shutting off power: To ensure the safety of everyone involved, the technician will shut off power to the device at the circuit breaker.
4. Discharge stored electricity: Even after they fail, a capacitor still holds some electrical current. The worker uses a special tool to safely dissipate the power.
5. Complete repairs: The professional can sometimes repair small problems with the component.
6. Remove and install the capacitor: You’ll likely need a new capacitor. The process usually only takes an hour or so.
7. Test the work: The technician should test the new capacitor and ensure the air conditioner runs effectively.

Working with the capacitor involves a significant risk of shock without the proper training. Always rely on a professional for this service to avoid causing further damage to the system.

Schedule Prompt and Reliable Air Conditioner Repairs Today

Now that you know the signs of a bad AC capacitor, don’t hesitate to call A1 Mechanical immediately. Whether you’re struggling with an AC not turning on or discomfort in your home, we work hard to find the most cost-effective solution. You’ll benefit from competitive upfront prices that never hit you with hidden fees or last-minute charges.

Call 502-708-2247 to book an appointment today.